The European Churches, serpentine beauty of the soul

(European Church)

Europeans to China, will look at the temples, Chinese 'd, will go into the Church.

Church of fusion architecture, painting, religious and other factors, to learn about European culture must understand European Church!

In fact, as long as the outside Europe, particularly in Catholic countries, you may at any time and the Church in the face of hit.

There is a church at others, it is exaggerated, cars driving in the desert, the question to a premises into perspective, first in front of the church spire. The city's largest church in the city centre. Europe of the old town of pattern is similar to the city centre approximately two of the most eye-catching buildings, one church, one to the Town Hall, Town Hall Square, before there will be not far from the Cathedral. Both shoulder stand, but also will teach the Christian cultural and political power of confrontation, Visual rendering.

Some say that 'd, most of the buildings worth seeing.

The most magnificent complex of buildings, the non-Church. Churches are mostly single building, block so the snowy Summit stands alone. The Gothic church in particular gives people a sense of adventure, and came near the Bell Tower, in front of the lift is more a Quattro evildoer.

First, the Church's main style

Europe is the cradle of the Catholic, Christian, religion is Europeans live in an important part.

So the Western religious architecture is dominated by the Church, with the spread of religion, Church, the religious architectural form and also around the world, becoming an integral part of the city. In particular the European Churches, its long history, superb architectural art worthy of praise.

Cathedral's main function is to serve as a model of Jerusalem of heaven.

Western Cathedral detail portend of heaven and Earth opposition of two worlds. According to the principles of psychology to empathic, straight, sharp and has a strong upward pose for styling make also have drifted to rise. Architecture have pointed out that, Church high arched vault, complicated Minaret and painted glass Windows all reflects the religious meaning. Four are wall closed space, bent Wai closed formation of dome and Minaret of straight channel suggests a space exists, this is paradise. The church a great image of the striking, the weight of the material and spirit of the oppressed, anxious, depressed, anxious feeling is the worship of motivation. Western Church architecture of each detail of all intentions to express out of heaven and Earth opposition of two worlds, one of the active content and architecture of spatial connotation.

The Church is divided into three architectural styles: Romanesque style, Gothic style, and Baroque style.

In addition there are Byzantine style, etc.

1. Romain (Romanik) style

Roman building is 10 ~ 12 century, European Christian endemic areas of a building style.

Roman architectural intent as the Roman architectural style of the building, also translated as Roman wind building, Roman architecture, like a Roman construction, due to adoption of the ancient Roman style coupons, Arch architectural style. 11 century construction of the Church from Italy, almost entirely of Romanesque style. Characterized by the great wall and thick wall-columns, small ticket, Mun-Chou opening small concentric layers. The West has a Bell Tower, Tower 2, sometimes Latin cross the intersection and transverse Hall also has a Bell Tower. The Office is a round dome in, showing that people's understanding of the universe: the universe is circular.

When the layout of the Church are decorated with style and a cross type.

Roman wind Church another innovation is the positive sides of the Church with a Bell Tower.

Column layout with alternating rhythm. Narrow the window, in the larger interior space resulting in a dark and mysterious atmosphere. Simple Central Hall and the magnificent contrast to the altar, the Central Hall and side Gallery larger spatial changes break the sense of equilibrium of classical architecture.

As the Roman architecture in development, more and more high in the Hall.

Reduced and balanced towering Central Hall on the transverse arch and allows the spinal power vault, adapted to the different size and form of the plane, then create a Gothic architecture. Roman architecture as a transitional form of its contribution not only to the heavy structures and vertical rise of the pose, but is it in the history of architecture was first successfully bring high tower of the Organization to complete construction of the composition.

2 Gothic (Gotik) style

Romanesque church is a monastery in rural development for the Centre, Gothic church in the city "Cathedral" and developed.

The European city of the Gothic era started in the sport by pilgrims.

12 century Gothic style gradually spread to Europe and blockbuster, the 15th century with the rise and decline of the Renaissance.

Gothic church building style was born in the northern suburb of Saint Denis France Paris monastery church. 1140-1144, the monastery of Su zhe (Suger, 1081-1151) rebuilding its hosted music world fractions of the Church, to reflect the new Platonism of light, high, number three ideal system to use the apex rib humps technologies, as well as the bright colored glass replaced the Roman wall of the reserve. Since then, this building system after more than a century of practice, in the middle of the 13th century reached maturity, and to the West and Central Asia.

Gothic church building is from the Romanesque church was developed on the basis that it got rid of the Romanesque church of chenzhonggan and towards dexterous, the elegant even pretending.

It follows the philosophy of the middle ages the highly rational norms designed to produce a sublimation of the soul through induction caused a series of technological innovations. Gothic church building represents the medieval heyday supremacy of the church authority, reflect Western European social development impact had reached on Christian 1126.

Gothic church-basic use of the Latin cross of Brazil profit card graphic.

Usually after Church sites at the eastern end of semicircular Chapel, layout complexity. West facade has a pair of very high Bell Tower. West facades typical forms are: a tower with the Gables in the Hall, the central door and above the bar are round rose window. Three door has several layers around the foot, and carved into a bunch of icons.

There are many Gothic church in the external style quite Sau, centered and minaret, Church, the body walls thinner, and lighter

Tong-soo's flying buttress, slender agile column or cluster column to increase the height of the building, produce an amazing frame effect, people can look up and learn from, the experience of its xuanao miaojing, vacant of. The Church walls with large uncertainty, with stained glass mosaic flower form, often inflicts a sublimation fly-over, touching up the Kingdom of heaven is the mystery of the illusion. Inside the Church, there are many layout harmony of cylindrical, wall, pillar, are decorated with vivid relief and stone, and can be complemented by a form from the glass flower pierced by the multicolored light of decorated and embellished, people are more interested in the religious of the sacred solemn, stately and. Therefore, someone has shrugged into clouds of Gothic architecture is known as a stand in the space of hymns and song across the sky's music.

2.1 France Gothic

France flat although Gothic church is Latin cross, but crossing wing highlight rarely.

The West is the main entrance, there is a Hall Tung Tau ring ring Gallery, many small week room into a radial arrangement. Church inside the Office Tower in particular, there is a large stained glass-Chou. Its appearance is featured on many large and small Minaret and Spire, West high Bell Tower was also built on the Spire. Planar cross the intersection of the roof there is a very high tower, wall and wall stack also has exquisite Spire, Windows thin high, the whole Church-up pose a very strong, very rich carving. West facade is the focus of the typical buildings, is both a composition: on top of the clock tower, the following certificates by horizontal, three levels of contact Gallery gate by layer composed of Apex tickets back pivot door covered Statue Quanmian. Above the main entrance there is a large round-Chou, known as the rose window, carving exquisite ornate.

2.2 United Kingdom Gothic

United Kingdom of Gothic architecture to appear later than France, popular in the 12-16th century.

United Kingdom Church unlike France Church that stands out from the crowded city centre, the tall, control, and is often the city is located in the open countryside environment, as a complex of monastery buildings of the low part, comparison, and the convent together along the stretch of water for thousands of direction. They do not like France as to the Church, but decorative structure technology with more freedom and diverse. United Kingdom Church's duration is generally very long, continuous alterations, additions, it is difficult to find a unified overall style.

United Kingdom Church in Planar cross intersection in the often very high, a composition Centre, West of the clock tower relegated.

2.3 Germany Gothic

Germany church early in the formation of their shape and characteristics, its Central Hall and the side of the same height as the Office, are neither high side window, no flying buttress, solely on the side of the Hall wall slip window lighting.

Vault above plus a layer of the steep slope of the roof, the whole interior is a multiple-column Hall. Church of Saint Elizabeth of Marburg to the West there are two tall tower, with its elegant appearance comparison is representative of the Church.

Germany also has a positive only in church building a high Bell Tower of the Gothic church.

2.4 Italy of Gothic architecture

Italy's Gothic architecture in the 12th century by the influence of foreign incoming, mainly in the northern region.

Italy did not really accept the Gothic architecture of structural system and design principles, just as a decorative style, therefore it is extremely difficult to find the "pure" Gothic church.

Italy the Church does not emphasize the sense of the height and the vertical, positive nor high clock tower, instead of using an on-screen composition of Gables.

The roof is flat, the window is not large, often tip coupons and certificates with the semi-circle, flying buttress is extremely rare, carving and decorating the significant Roman classical style.

3. the style of Baroque (Barock)

Gothic Cathedral symbolizes the floor of heaven, this also applies to the Baroque church.

But there is a little different — especially in Rome, for Europe and Spain in new direct (America) in the provinces, too — the spirit of the Baroque reflects Catholic's win.

16th century reformation movement started in the States, the Church was dealt a severe blow.

While the traditional church architecture that extraordinary de se, severe distant appearance also allows people to greener pastures. Thus, the church tried to various improvements and save, more humane and secular breath to persuade Christians, calling them back into the embrace of religion.

The Baroque is for reverse religious ideology of guidance, it is opposed to the rigid classical forms, and the pursuit of free and unrestrained expression of style and taste, and other worldly has played an important role in it and the Reformation, the invention was not a religion, but it is for the church service, the churches were religious use, is its strongest pillars.

17, 18 th century Church is Baroque style of architecture.

Its characteristics are free figure, the pursuit of beauty, inside the rich romanticism, pay attention to the dynamic, sense of space and the stereoscopic effect, space on the pursuit of continuity, the pursuit of body change and sense of depth, rich in decorative and preferences of carving, often interspersed with surfaces and oval-shaped space, it can cause considerable mysterious atmosphere, with the Catholic Church to show off the wealth and the pursuit of mystery. There's a marble tile and marble pillars, with painting and sculpture. An old church interior darkness, dignified and mysterious, using light-coloured paint, plus color decoration that makes people feel relaxed and happy atmosphere of an open space.

3.1 Italy Baroque architecture

From the 17th century onwards, the increasing wealth in Italy the Church, the Parish has built its own church.

Due to the small, taking the Latin cross plane, so more to round, oval, plum shaped, round flap cross, a single space in the shape of the Palace, with surfaces, on a large number of mid-17th century, the Baroque church in Italy were all the rage, including novel and original works, but there are way too clumsy, stuffing.

The Pope to the Pilgrim Pope Xuan Dieu, rich in Roman city built broad Avenue and Grand Plaza, which is the Baroque style of the free and open up new avenues.

17th century Roman architect Fontaine na construction of Rome lopopolo Plaza is a three radial artery of Confluence, a central Obelisk, a statue, the layout of surrounding green belt. In radialRoads built between two symmetrical styles the same church. The square open styling, many European countries competing to imitated. Outstanding masters of Baroque architecture and sculpture masterpieces Bernard Venini design of Rome St. Peter's Cathedral Square, surrounded by Rome, dry Colonnade surrounded the entire layout and unconstrained, full of light and shadow effects, dynamic.

3.2 Germany Baroque architecture

Baroque architectural style is also popular in some countries in Europe, particularly Germany and Austria.

During the second half of the 17th century, studying in Germany many architects, after coming back from Italy to Italy Baroque architectural style with Germany's national architectural style. To the first half of the 18th century, Baroque architecture in Germany to become the European building a wonderful history.

Germany Baroque church building simple, elegant appearance, shape soft, decoration, wall flat, coordinated with the natural environment.

The church interior decoration is very ornate, resulting in strong contrast of inside and outside.

3.3 Austria Baroque architecture

Austria Baroque architectural style is mainly incoming from Germany.

The first half of the 18th century, Austria many famous buildings are Germany architect. If Vienna Shu po Lu Palace (1696-1746), appearance is serious classical architectural forms, internal Hall Baroque style with Italy, the Hall all pillars carved top adult like, columns and vaulted with relief decoration, is Baroque and classicism style combined products.

3.4 Spain Baroque architecture

In the mid-17th century, it's free and unrestrained, modelling style complex variation, just some architectural decoration stuffing too.

Spain Santiago Cathedral (1738-1749) for this period building of typical instance.

4 style of Byzantine (Byzantine)

Byzantine architecture was born in the year 395, the Roman Empire was divided into Eastern and Western countries.

From historical perspective, of Byzantine architecture is in the inheritance of ancient Roman architecture developed on the basis of, at the same time, geography, it drew Persia, Mesopotamia, Syria, the Oriental culture, formed its own architectural style, and later Russia's Church Architecture, Islam mosque architecture has had a positive impact.

Characteristics of Byzantine architecture, mainly in four areas: the first area is the roof shape, the widespread use of the "top" of the fornix.

The second feature is the outstanding overall modeling Center. In General, of Byzantine architecture, architectural composition of the Centre, often very prominent, the quantity of both tall and large round dome, often become whole building composition center around this central part, around often orderly set with coordination of small parts. The third characteristic is that it creates the dome supported on Independence Square column structure method and corresponding with the form of centralized architecture. The typical practice was in a square planar edges out coupons, four tickets to the diagonal line between the masonry is the diameter of the dome, as if a complete dome in the quads are issued certificates are cut, its weight is entirely up to four tickets, so internal space for great freedom. The fourth characteristic is the use of the color, change both note, also takes note of the uniform building interior and exterior facade is restricted.